MDC- Sample assessment 2 Question 2

Sample assessment 2 Question 2 - Variances

Does anybody know how to get to the Material price of 1920 and usage variance of -720

Thanks

Comments

  • Anisa97
    Anisa97 Registered Posts: 42 Regular contributor ⭐
    Standard material cost of production-
    £36 (standard cost per unit) x 300 (actual units produced) = £10800

    Actual material cost of production-
    The variance given is £1200 favourable so we subtract it from the total standard material cost of production. £10800 - £1200 = £9600

    Material USAGE variance-
    The standard usage for actual production is: 3kg (given in the question) multiplied by 300 units (also given) which equals 900kg.
    Actual usage is £9600 (actual total price as calculated) divided by £10 (actual price per kg given) which equals 960kg
    So 60kg more was used than budgeted, which is an adverse variance.
    60kg multiplied by £12 (standard price per kg) is £720. Note that the question gives the standard cost per UNIT and not per kg - to get the standard price per kg we divide the cost per unit (£36) by the standard usage per unit (3kg)

    Material PRICE variance:
    This is £12 (standard price per kg as calculated above) multiplied by 960kg (actual usage as calculated above) which equals £11520, minus £9600 (actual total cost as calculated above), giving £1920
    The actual price is lower than the budgeted price by £1920 so it's a favourable variance.

    Material usage variance plus material price variance equals the total material variance given: 1200= 1920 - 720

    Hope that helps!
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Thank you so much
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Do you know how to work out the Expenditure of 0 and efficiency of 210?
  • Anisa97
    Anisa97 Registered Posts: 42 Regular contributor ⭐
    Sure :)

    Standard variable cost of production (total):
    This is simply £10.50 (the standard variable cost per unit given) multiplied by 300 (number of actual units produced) = £3150

    Actual variable cost of production (total):
    £3150 (standard total cost) minus £210 (favourable variance given) = £2940
    A favourable variance here means the actual cost was lower than budgeted so we subtract it.

    Variable overhead expenditure variance:
    £7 (STANDARD rate which is £10.50 divided by 1.5) multiplied by 420 (actual hours worked) = £2940 minus £2940 (actual cost as calculated) = 0!

    Variable overhead efficiency variance:
    450 (standard hours for actual production 1.5 x 300) minus 420 (actual hours for actual production given) = 30 hours favourable
    The £ value is 30 multiplied by £7 (standard rate per hour) which equals £210

    Let me know if it doesn't make sense
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Thank you, this is complete change of questions but do you understand how to work out thhe absorption and marginal costing I will attach picture of a question if possible

    Thanks for your help
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Thank you, this is complete change of questions but do you understand how to work out thhe absorption and marginal costing I will attach picture of a question if possible

    Thanks for your help
  • Anisa97
    Anisa97 Registered Posts: 42 Regular contributor ⭐
    @Sineadp yes just attach a picture or tell me which question it is. I've got access to Osborne book questions if it's from there
    Happy to help
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    It is in the Osborne workbooks Practice assessment 1,2 & 3 all task 4.

    Thank you
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Also do you know any key things to help with the written questions. Thank you
  • Anisa97
    Anisa97 Registered Posts: 42 Regular contributor ⭐
    MDCL Osborne Workbook - Practice Assessment 1 Task 4

    Start with the boxes that you can easily complete

    The sales figures are the same for both absorption and marginal costing so enter them first
    Sales Month 2 is simply £150 (selling price per unit) multiplied by 7500 (units sold) = £1125000
    Sales Month 3 is £160 multiplied by 8500 = £1360000
    Make sure you don't get mixed up with the months! Month 1 is not needed here

    Next we can complete the marginal costing side - you can choose which side to do first but I find marginal costing much simpler.
    Opening inventory Month 2:
    production in Month 1 is 8000 and sales is 6500 units, giving 1500 units of closing inventory which need to be carried forward to Month 2.
    The marginal cost of production in Month 1 is £35 (direct materials) + £25 (direct labour) + £20 (£160000/8000 variable production overheads per unit) = £80
    1500 x £80 = £120000 opening inventory in Month 2
    Production costs in Month 2:
    £35 (direct materials + £25 (direct labour) + £20 (variable production overheads) = £80, multiplied by 8000 (production units) = £640000 production costs in Month 2
    Closing inventory in Month 2:
    Closing inventory in units is 1500 (brought forward from Month 1) plus 8000 (production in Month 2) minus 7500 (sales in Month 2) = 2000 units
    This is valued at the marginal cost of production per unit in Month 2 which is £80
    2000 x £80= £160000 closing inventory Month 2
    Cost of Sales is simply £120000 + £640000 - £160000= £600000
    Fixed costs are £304000 as given in the data for Month 2
    Profit/loss is £1125000 - £600000 - £304000 = £221000

    The marginal costing calculations for Month 3 are similar to Month 2 - just remember that the opening inventory for Month 3 is the closing inventory of Month 2 (£160000). And the closing inventory for Month 3 is 2000 (units b/f from month 2 as calculated above) plus 8000 (production month 3) minus 8500 (sales month 3) = 1500 units x £81 (marginal cost per unit Month 3) = £121500


    Under absorption costing the fixed costs are included in the production costs per unit
    Opening inventory Month 2:
    There's 1500 units opening inventory in Month 2 as calculated before. The full cost per unit in Month 1 is £35 + £25 + £20 + £38 (fixed cost of production per unit which is £304000/8000) = £118
    1500 x £118 = £177000 opening inventory month 2
    Production costs Month 2:
    £35 + £25 + £20 + £38 = £118, multiplied by 8000 = £944000
    Note that the costs in Month 2 just happen to be the same as Month 1, be careful as they could be different in other cases
    Closing inventory Month 2:
    As calculated previously, the closing inventory for Month 2 is 2000 units. Valued at the full production cost it's 2000 x £118 = £236000
    Costs of sales and profit/loss calculation is straightforward as usual, and fixed costs remain blank as they have already been absorbed into the units

    Absorption costing for Month 3 is again similar. Opening inventory is £236000 brought forward from Month 2. Closing inventory is 1500 units, multiplied by the full production cost per unit for Month 3 which is £119, totalling £178500


    The question 4s in the other practice assessments are basically the same, I won't go through them unless there's a particular calculation you're stuck on?
  • Anisa97
    Anisa97 Registered Posts: 42 Regular contributor ⭐
    > @Sineadp said:
    > Also do you know any key things to help with the written questions. Thank you

    To be honest I haven't even got my results back for this exam yet, and I can't tell how I've done on the written parts!
    I'd say put as much detail as you can on the written questions even if the points seem very obvious.
    When are you planning to take this exam?
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Thank you and the exam is Wednesday this week
  • Sineadp
    Sineadp Registered Posts: 67
    Do you know how to do your variances
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