Pev

Liliana

I am really struggling with PEV... not sure what i am doing, where i am going... is anyone feeling the same? It seems that whatever i have learned in class is not applicable in the exams... I honestly can't remember doing such exercices in class... what i do remember was doing the theory for this unit!!!
I am going to be really honest... i really don't understand any of this unit... the formulas don't make sense when applied to the actual questions in the past papers...
Can anyone help on a way to understand this subject?? I would really appreciate it...

Thanks in advance

Lily

gingervicki

i feel the same way, just look at it and im blank, i feel my head is full of stuff and im wading through it and not getting anything out

vicki

cs_1988

Hi Liliana,

Which section are you struglling on? 1 0r 2

Chris

Londina

Liliana wrote: »

the formulas don't make sense when applied to the actual questions in the past papers...
Lily

My book didn't teach any formula...was always shows this way instead:

MATERIAL PRICE VARIANCE
standard: £5 x 200kg= £1000
actual: £6 x 200kg = £1200
variance: £200 adverse

since I started to use the formulas from the past paper and various comments here, I got confused, because using (SP-AP) x AQ I don't see quite clearly what's I'm calculating and most of the time I was taking the wrong amount!!
So I now prefer to get back to my own original way, even it's a bit longer, at least it's clear what I'm doing.

mark130273

whats getting me is i dont know which one im meant to be studying for monday and which one for thursday ..........i think they are the same subject but put in different formats....

cs_1988

Mark,

I would go through the past exam papers, the questions every year are extremely similar. If you go through say 5-10 of each you will be able to recite the exam before you get in there!!

Chris

Liliana

Hi Chris
I am struggling with the first section at the moment as i am taking it by sections... don't want to do too much of it otherwise i think i will quit the all thing together...
I am going through the papers on questions 1.1...
Lily

cs_1988

Hi Liliana,

Section 1.1

Material Price Variance - Basically the differance between the price they paid for what they used, and the price they should have paid (using the standard/Budgeted Cost) for the actual quantity.

ie. A nail (Hammer and Nail!!) Standard Cost is £3, they bought 4 Nails for £10. The Material Price Variance is then - (4x£3) - £10 = £2 Favourable. It's favourable because they paid less than they should have

Material Usage Variance - Basicall the differance of how much material/units they should have used and how much they did use, you then times this by the standard cost per unit.

ie. A Box of Nails Should Contain 100 Nails, in production of making 1 box they used 110 Nails, the material usage variance is (100-110) x £3 = £30 Adverse. This is adverse because they used more than they should have. Remember to multiply the differance by the STANDARD cost of the unit.

Labour Price Variance - Basically the same as Material Price Variance, the differance between how much labour should have cost and how much it did.

ie. A employees standard labour rate £5, they spent £16.50 on three labour hours. The formula is (3x£5) - £16.50 = £1.50 Adverse, it's adverse because they spent more than they should have

Labour Material Useage Variance - Basically The same as material usage variance, how many hours they should have spent on labour, and how many they did. At the Standard Rate!!

ie. An employee makes 10 boxes of nails in an hour, 50 Boxes of nails were made in 7 hours. It should have taken the employee 5 hours, therefor the formula is (5-7) x £5 (Standard Cost) = £10 Adverse (Because they spent more than they should have!

Let me know if that helps, if it does i will go into fixed overheads.

Chris

Liliana

Hi Chris
That is really good!!! wow!!!
Thanks for that!!!
Lily

cs_1988

Hi Liliana,

On to fixed overhead variances,

Fixed Overhead Expenditure Variance
Budgeted Costs of FO - Actual Costs of FO - Nice and Simple!

ie. Budgeted Costs for Fixed Overheads were £100,000, they actualy spent £108,000. Therefor 100,000-108,000= -8000, it's adverse because more was spent than planned.

Fixed Overhead Volume Variance
Absorption Rate x (Standard for Actual Output - Budgeted Output)

The absorption rate in normally stated in the exams, it is important to look whether it's units based or hours based, and then the bits inside the brackets will be the same, the formula's below work on the same principal.

Fixed Overhead Efficiency Variance
Absorption Rate x (Standard for Actual Output - Actual Taken)

Fixed Overhead Capacity Ratio
Absorption Rate x (Actual Taken - Standard Hours for Budgeted Output)

The best tip for fixed overhead is to make sure that the Capacity Ratio + Efficiency Ratio = Volume Ratio (Rememeber one, or both the numbers might be negative)

If there is anything else you need a hand in let me know!

Chris

Liliana

Hi Chris
Thank you for that!
With your help i have improved my first section of the past papers as i am not doing as many errors as i was yesterday... its just applying the formulas and it all seems to fall into place...
Thank again for the above formulas on fixed overheads... i am not happy with these when doing the papers as i always get something wrong or missing a figure, but now with your formulas i will try and apply them onto the papers...
Just one more question, i am trying to finish the Dec 04 paper and i can't get my head around the labour capacity ratio.
I have a formula for it and is as it follows:
Capacity ratio = actual hrs worked/budgeted hrs
If i applied the figures to this formula:
for factory A:
70000/75000 = .93????
for factory B:
140000/85000 = 1.67???
The actual answers on the paper are Factory A 107.1% and Factory B 60.7%!!!!
What am i doing wrong? Is this not the correct formula?
Thanks again,
Lily

ly.mason

Hi Liily

You have your figures the wrong way 75000 / 70000 x 100 = 107.14%
I sat for ages trying to figure this out !!!

Liliana

Oh my God!!!
Thank you so much ly.mason!!!
I think i am going to mess up this paper with so many formulas to remember, to which way they have to go... oh well, there is always next year!!!
Thank you again!
Lily

Londina

ly.mason wrote: »

Hi Liily

You have your figures the wrong way 75000 / 70000 x 100 = 107.14%
I sat for ages trying to figure this out !!!

Liliana wrote: »

Oh my God!!!
Thank you so much ly.mason!!!
I think i am going to mess up this paper with so many formulas to remember, to which way they have to go... oh well, there is always next year!!!
Thank you again!
Lily

that's my point...I don't use formulas for variances, otherwise I would get more confused and put numbers the other way round!

anniem

Thank you cs_1988 I found the information you posted on this thread really useful!

Jimmyboy1888

ly.mason wrote: »

Hi Liily

You have your figures the wrong way 75000 / 70000 x 100 = 107.14%
I sat for ages trying to figure this out !!!

I'm confused by this too. I know the above is shown as the answer but, as Liliana correctly said (as far as I'm aware), Capacity ratio = actual hours/budgeted hours x 100. In the question, budgeted hours is shown as 75000, not 70000 ? I've assumed the actual hours are the capacity hours of 70000 as this is the only other labour figure I can see.

PEV - December 2004 Question 2.1 (g) refers.

Any help much appreciated.

Cheers

Jim

SandyHood

There can't be an actual figure
The figures are forecasts

Instead think about capacity as you would in normal circumstances.
If you have 10 staff working 40 hours per week you have capacity of 400 hours

If the bookings come in amount to more than 400 hours then you will be working at more than 100%. So you'll need to bring in extra staff.

The formulae are good but only apply when you are looking back over a period and comparing how many hours were used with the budget.

Jimmyboy1888

Thanks again Sandy !
I can see the logic. Just wonder why we are taught formulae that doesn't apply in all instances.
Foolishly, I thought the formulae were set in stone !

Much appreciated.

Cheers

Jim

SandyHood

It is so important to apply the formulae to the question

I often use a JIT production environment question for revision.

Closing stock is only made up of raw materials in such a scenario, so you must compare like with like when calculating the stock holding period
The formula you would use for finished goods (closing stock(FG)/cost of sales x 365) is not appropriate for stocks made up of only raw materials: here you should use closing stock(RM)/material purchases x 365